The Ultimate Guide to Using China’s Trains: A Western Traveler’s Experience

When we embarked on our 23-day epic China adventure, we discovered that China’s train network isn’t just a way to get from point A to B—it’s a seamless, modern, and incredibly efficient experience. From Beijing to Xi’an, Shanghai, Chengdu, Guilin, Yangshuo, and Hong Kong, trains became our preferred mode of travel, offering unparalleled speed, comfort, and the chance to sit back and watch China’s diverse landscapes roll by.

In this guide, I’ll walk you through everything you need to know about using China’s trains as a western traveler—from purchasing tickets and navigating train stations to understanding the different classes of travel. Along the way, I’ll share my tips, experiences, and insights that will help you make the most of this incredible journey.

Why Trains Are the Best Way to Travel Around China

China’s high-speed rail network is the largest in the world, spanning over 40,000 kilometers and connecting major cities and smaller towns alike. If you’re visiting China for the first time, you’ll quickly realize why locals and tourists alike prefer trains over flights.

The high-speed trains, often referred to as G-trains, can reach up to 350 km/h (220 mph), making journeys between distant cities incredibly fast. Imagine traveling from Beijing to Shanghai—over 1,200 kilometers (750 miles)—in just over four hours. Beyond the speed, trains are clean, comfortable, and remarkably reliable. You don’t have to worry about long airport check-ins or delays; trains in China are punctual to the minute.

During our trip, we tried every train class—from affordable Second Class seats to the ultimate luxury of Business Class—and loved every moment. Trains are a window into daily life in China and allow you to immerse yourself in the scenery along the way.

Step-by-Step Instructions for Traveling by Train in China

Navigating China’s train stations can feel a little overwhelming at first—they’re enormous, busy, and as organized as international airports. However, once you understand the process, it becomes surprisingly smooth. Whether you’re boarding a high-speed train or settling into an overnight sleeper, these step-by-step instructions will ensure you travel with confidence.

Step 1: Booking Your Tickets

The easiest and most convenient way to book tickets as a foreign traveler is through Trip.com. The platform is in English, allows you to book seats in advance, and accepts foreign credit cards. Once you’ve booked your ticket, it will be linked directly to your passport number—you won’t receive a physical ticket.

Why it matters: Your passport becomes your ticket. Without it, you cannot board the train, so double-check the details when booking. If you’re traveling with family or friends, ensure all their passports are entered correctly during the booking process.

Step 2: Arriving at the Train Station

China’s train stations are huge and extremely busy, so arrive 45–60 minutes early to allow time for security checks, finding your platform, and boarding. At major hubs like Beijing West or Shanghai Hongqiao, the stations resemble airports, with massive halls, digital signboards, and designated waiting areas.

When you arrive:

• Locate the correct entrance: Most stations have multiple entrances. Look for signs (in both Chinese and English) indicating the “Train Entrance” or “High-Speed Rail Entrance.”
• Prepare your documents: Keep your passport handy, as you’ll need it for security and boarding checks.

Step 3: Passing Security Checks

Once inside, you’ll go through a mandatory security check. Much like at an airport, your bags will need to pass through a conveyor belt scanner, and you’ll walk through a metal detector.

What to expect during security:

• Lines move quickly, but allow extra time during peak hours.
• Staff may ask you to open your bags if they spot liquids or unusual items. Avoid packing restricted items such as lighters, knives, or flammable liquids.

Step 4: Finding Your Train Information

Once you’re through security, look for the large digital boards displaying train information. These boards show details like your train number, departure time, platform, and boarding gate.

How to read the board:

• Your train number (e.g., G1234) is the key piece of information.
• Look for the gate number (often marked as “???” or “Check-in Gate”).
• Pay attention to announcements, as they may call for passengers to begin boarding.

Each ticketed passenger is assigned to a specific carriage and seat number. For example, Carriage 8, Seat 12B. Make a note of your carriage number, as it determines where you should stand on the platform.

Step 5: Boarding the Train

Boarding gates open approximately 20–30 minutes before departure. This is when you’ll need your passport to pass through the gate.

For foreign travelers:

• Head to the manned turnstile, typically located at the far left or right of the boarding area. Since foreign passports must be manually entered into the system, you can’t use the automated gates. Look for station staff—they’re usually efficient but expect a short queue.
• Once through, follow signs to your platform and locate your carriage. Each carriage number is clearly marked on the train itself, so don’t worry about missing it.

Our Experience Tip: On our Guilin to Hong Kong journey, the boarding process was smooth, but it’s essential to stay alert. At Hong Kong, we also had to go through immigration since we were entering the region. It was quick and efficient with our British passports, but you’ll want to have everything prepared.

Step 6: Storing Your Luggage

Once onboard, you’ll find luggage storage racks at both ends of each carriage for larger suitcases. Overhead racks above the seats are available for smaller bags and backpacks. If you’re traveling light, you can keep a small bag at your feet.

What we did: On our Beijing to Xi’an trip in Second Class, we easily stored our backpacks overhead and kept snacks and essentials in reach for the 4.5-hour ride. It’s always a good idea to keep valuables with you rather than stowed away.

Step 7: Enjoying Your Journey

China’s trains are clean, modern, and surprisingly quiet, making the experience stress-free and enjoyable. Here are a few tips to make the most of your trip:

1. Use the time to relax: Enjoy the smooth ride, read a book, or gaze at the ever-changing scenery outside. On our Chengdu to Guilin journey in Business Class, I reclined my seat into a flat bed and enjoyed a nap—it felt like pure luxury.
2. Snacks and Meals: High-speed trains offer snacks and drinks for purchase from the food trolley. You can also scan the QR code on your seat to order meals like McDonald’s or KFC, delivered at the next station. Unfortunately, this feature only works with a Chinese mobile number.
3. Toilet and Facilities: Western-style toilets are available onboard, and they’re generally clean, especially on high-speed trains. Bring tissues and hand sanitizer just in case.
4. Stay Connected: Use an e-SIM like Airalo to access mobile data throughout your journey. I relied on Astrill VPN to bypass internet restrictions, allowing me to stay connected and update travel plans on the go.

Step 8: Arriving at Your Destination

When the train approaches your station, announcements are made in Chinese and English, so there’s no need to worry about missing your stop. Make your way to the exit and prepare to disembark.

Our Yangshuo to Guilin Premier Class Experience: Despite sitting in Second Class by accident, exiting the train was smooth. We only realized we missed the Premier Class seats at the end of the carriage when we were walking off!

If your journey ends at a city like Hong Kong, you’ll need to go through immigration. The process was straightforward for us as British passport holders, but always double-check the requirements based on your nationality.

Second Class: Affordable Comfort for Everyone

If you’re looking for a budget-friendly way to travel while still enjoying comfort, Second Class is the perfect choice. The carriages are arranged in a 3-2 seat configuration, with sufficient legroom and clean, modern interiors. These seats are popular among locals and travelers, offering a lively yet orderly atmosphere.

Our first train journey from Beijing to Xi’an was in Second Class, and it gave us a fantastic introduction to China’s high-speed rail system. The seats were comfortable for the 4.5-hour ride, and while there wasn’t much space to recline, it was more than enough for us to relax. My children, Matthew and Holly, loved watching the landscapes change through the large windows—sprawling cities, mountains, and glimpses of rural villages.

First Class: Spacious and Quiet

First Class offers a noticeable step up in comfort and privacy compared to Second Class. The layout features 2-2 seating, providing wider seats, more legroom, and a quieter atmosphere. Complimentary bottled water is usually provided, and the overall experience feels more relaxed.

We opted for First Class on the Chengdu to Leshan round trip, a shorter journey ideal for this class. The seats were spacious, with plenty of room for luggage overhead, and we could unwind comfortably after a day of exploring the famous Leshan Giant Buddha. It felt like the perfect balance between affordability and comfort, especially for mid-range routes.

Business Class: Traveling in Luxury

If you want to experience train travel at its finest, Business Class is an absolute dream. Think first-class airplane seatson rails—enormous leather seats that recline into fully flat beds, private surroundings, and personal service. This class is perfect for long-distance journeys where comfort is key.

We treated ourselves to Business Class on the Chengdu to Guilin route, and it was worth every penny. From the moment we boarded, the experience felt indulgent. The seats were enormous, and the kids couldn’t stop marveling at how the seats turned into flat beds. Snacks, drinks, and even slippers were provided, allowing us to relax completely during the 6-hour journey. It’s a class I highly recommend splurging on, especially if you’re traveling long distances and want to arrive refreshed and ready to explore.

Premier Class: Exclusive and Private

Premier Class offers an intriguing mix between First and Business Class. You get the same First Class seats but with the added luxury of exclusivity. Carriages are smaller and quieter, usually containing just 8-9 seats, making it a great choice for those seeking privacy.

We booked Premier Class for the short Yangshuo to Guilin journey, a trip of just 20 minutes. Unfortunately, we missed the Premier Class compartment because we boarded from the wrong end of the carriage and ended up sitting in Second Class. It wasn’t a big issue for such a short ride, but as we discovered when leaving the train, the Premier Class seats were located in their own cozy, private compartment at the far end of Carriage 8. If you’re traveling in Premier Class, make sure to board at the correct end of the train!

Soft Sleeper: Comfortable Overnight Travel

Overnight journeys in China are a unique experience, and Soft Sleeper compartments are ideal for comfort and privacy. Each cabin contains four berths (bunk beds) with bedding, individual lighting, and a sliding door for privacy. Soft Sleeper trains are clean, spacious, and perfect for families or small groups.

Our journey from Xi’an to Shanghai was a highlight of the trip. We booked all four beds in a Soft Sleeper cabin even though there were only three of us—myself and my two children, Matthew and Holly. Having the cabin to ourselves made the trip feel like a private adventure. The beds were comfortable, and the kids enjoyed the novelty of sleeping on a train. The cabin provided a quiet, cozy retreat after a day of sightseeing, and waking up just outside Shanghai was an unforgettable experience.

Hard Sleeper: A Budget-Friendly Option

Hard Sleeper compartments are a great choice for travelers on a budget who don’t mind sacrificing a bit of privacy. Each open compartment contains six berths (three bunks on each side). While they are less spacious and lack doors, they are clean, safe, and provide an authentic travel experience.

Although we didn’t personally use Hard Sleeper during our trip, it’s worth considering for adventurous travelers or those looking to save money on long journeys. It’s an experience in itself and a great way to interact with local travelers.

Travel Essentials: Packing and Preparing for Your Train Journeys

Traveling by train in China is comfortable and efficient, but there are a few things you can bring and prepare to make your journey even smoother—whether it’s a short hop like Yangshuo to Guilin or an overnight ride like Xi’an to Shanghai.

1. What to Pack for Your Train Journey

• Snacks and Drinks: While food and drinks are sold onboard, having your own snacks is more convenient and cost-effective. Think sandwiches, fruit, chips, or instant noodles (hot water is available onboard). On longer rides, we packed a variety of snacks for Matthew and Holly to keep everyone happy.
• Entertainment: High-speed trains offer free Wi-Fi, but access can be limited, and many websites/apps are blocked in China. I recommend downloading books, movies, or games before you travel. The kids enjoyed their tablets, and I caught up on some reading during the journeys.
• Power Bank: Seats in every class have power outlets, but it’s always wise to carry a power bank just in case. Long train rides mean you’ll likely be using your phone or tablet for entertainment and navigation.
• Comfort Essentials: For longer journeys or sleeper trains, bring a small travel pillow, an eye mask, earplugs, and a lightweight blanket. On our Soft Sleeper trip from Xi’an to Shanghai, the provided bedding was clean and comfortable, but having your own small items can make it even cozier.
• Toilet Paper and Hand Sanitizer: While the train toilets are generally clean, it’s always a good idea to have tissues and sanitizer on hand, especially on longer journeys.

2. Staying Connected with Mobile Data and VPNs

Staying connected in China is critical for navigation, communication, and accessing essential apps. Here’s how I managed:

• e-SIM for Mobile Data: I used an e-SIM from Airalo (get yours here) to ensure we always had reliable data for Google Maps, messaging apps, and ticket confirmations. If you use my code MARK6579, you can get $3 offyour first order. Having mobile data meant I could quickly check train schedules, platform changes, and download directions to hotels or attractions.
• VPN to Access Blocked Apps: China restricts access to popular apps like Google, Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. I used Astrill VPN (get it here) to bypass restrictions and stay connected with family and friends. The VPN worked flawlessly throughout our journey, including on trains.

3. Essential Apps for Train Travel in China

Having the right apps on your phone can make navigating train travel and exploring China far easier:

• Trip.com (Book here): Use it to book train tickets, check schedules, and receive booking confirmations in English.
• Alipay: The main app I used to pay for everything in China, simply register and link it to your credit/debit card to make payments everywhere, you can even use it to order taxi’s (DiDi, China’s version of Uber).
• WeChat: China’s most popular messaging app is essential for communicating with locals, businesses, and even paying for goods and services.
• Pleco: A fantastic Chinese-English dictionary app that works offline—perfect for translating menus, signs, or questions.
• Google Maps (with a VPN or e-SIM): While Google services are blocked, they’re still incredibly useful for navigation if you have a VPN or e-SIM installed.
• Baidu Maps: If you don’t want to use a VPN, Baidu Maps is the Chinese alternative to Google Maps. It’s in Chinese but very detailed.

4. Managing Luggage on Trains

One of the great advantages of traveling by train in China is the lack of strict luggage limits—you don’t need to worry about size or weight restrictions like you would with flights. However, smart packing is still key:

• Storage Options: Large suitcases can be stored on luggage racks at the ends of each carriage. Smaller bags and backpacks fit in the overhead racks or under your seat. On sleeper trains, there’s ample space under the lower berths for bigger bags.
• Keep Valuables with You: I always kept our passports, tickets, phones, and wallets in a small daypack that I kept by my side. For overnight trains, I stored the daypack at the head of my bunk.
• Travel Tip: When we boarded the Chengdu to Guilin Business Class train, I noticed how efficient the attendants were at helping passengers store their luggage. They even rearranged bags to ensure everyone had enough space.

Reflections on Train Travel in China

Reflecting on our 23-day journey, traveling by train across China was an incredible experience—one that I can’t recommend highly enough. Each journey offered something special, from the excitement of speeding through the countryside on a Second Class seat to the luxury of Business Class, where I could fully recline and relax. Even small mishaps, like missing the Premier Class seats on the Yangshuo to Guilin train, became funny anecdotes that added to the adventure.

Our overnight Soft Sleeper cabin from Xi’an to Shanghai will always be a highlight, not just for the comfort but for the joy of sharing that space as a family. Booking the whole cabin gave Matthew and Holly a sense of excitement and privacy, turning a simple train ride into a memorable family experience.

China’s train system doesn’t just move people; it connects cities, regions, and experiences. It’s a glimpse into modern China’s efficiency and innovation while also showcasing its natural beauty, history, and culture.

 

Day-by-Day Suggested Train Routes: A Journey Across China

Traveling by train in China isn’t just about reaching your destination—it’s an experience that immerses you in the heart of this vast country. Based on our 23-day trip, here’s a detailed breakdown of the routes we took, including travel classes, unique insights, and tips to make the most of each journey.

1. Beijing to Xi’an: Second Class Comfort

Our adventure began in Beijing, China’s bustling capital, home to iconic sights like the Great Wall, Forbidden City, and Temple of Heaven. From there, we boarded a high-speed train to Xi’an, the ancient city famed for the Terracotta Army.

• Travel Class: Second Class
• Duration: Approximately 4.5–5 hours
• Train Type: G-Class High-Speed Train

The train departed from Beijing West Station, one of the largest stations in the city. Boarding was smooth and efficient after passing through security and using the manned turnstile for foreign passports.

Second Class was the perfect option for this journey—clean, comfortable, and affordable. The kids, Matthew and Holly, enjoyed the large windows and watching the countryside zip by at over 300 km/h. It was fascinating to see how quickly the urban sprawl of Beijing gave way to small towns, fields, and distant mountains.

What to Pack: Bring snacks, water, and entertainment for the journey. While food trolleys come around, it’s nice to have a few favorites on hand.

 
2. Xi’an to Shanghai: A Private Soft Sleeper Experience

After exploring the wonders of Xi’an, including the Terracotta Warriors and walking the Ancient City Wall, we boarded an overnight sleeper train to Shanghai. This was a highlight of our trip—part adventure, part relaxation.

• Travel Class: Soft Sleeper (Private Cabin)
• Duration: 12–14 hours
• Train Type: D-Class Overnight Train

Soft Sleeper compartments contain four berths, but to make the journey extra special, I booked all four beds for the three of us. This gave us an entire private cabin to ourselves. The kids loved it—they each had their own cozy bunk, complete with clean bedding and pillows, while I could spread out and relax.

The Experience: Soft Sleeper trains are a fantastic way to travel overnight. The compartment felt quiet and private, with a sliding door to block out any noise from the corridor. We brought snacks, played card games, and read stories before tucking into bed. The gentle motion of the train made it easy to fall asleep, and waking up just outside Shanghaiwas magical.

Tip: If you’re traveling with kids or friends, consider booking all four berths in a Soft Sleeper cabin for added privacy and comfort.

 3. Chengdu to Guilin: Traveling in Style with Business Class

Our journey from Chengdu—famous for its Giant Pandas—to Guilin, known for its breathtaking karst mountains and rivers, was a long ride made unforgettable by Business Class.

• Travel Class: Business Class
• Duration: Around 6–7 hours
• Train Type: G-Class High-Speed Train

The Business Class experience was the most luxurious of all our train journeys. The seats were enormous, plush, and reclined into fully flat beds, which felt like a first-class airplane cabin. Matthew and Holly couldn’t believe their seats turned into proper beds, and they made full use of the comfort to nap, snack, and relax.

We were provided with complimentary slippers, bottled water, and snacks—small touches that made the journey feel special. The scenery between Chengdu and Guilin was stunning, with views of mountains, rivers, and rural life.

Why Business Class Is Worth It: If you’re traveling long distances, Business Class is pure luxury and allows you to arrive refreshed and ready to explore.

 4. Chengdu to Leshan (Round Trip): First Class Convenience

For shorter journeys, First Class offers the perfect balance of comfort and value. We took the train from Chengdu to Leshan to see the magnificent Leshan Giant Buddha, the largest stone Buddha statue in the world.

• Travel Class: First Class
• Duration: Around 1 hour each way
• Train Type: D-Class Train

First Class provided spacious seats and a quiet atmosphere—ideal for a short, relaxing trip. The views on this route were a lovely mix of urban sprawl and countryside, and the kids appreciated the extra room to stretch out.

Tip: Short trips are a great opportunity to upgrade to First Class for a minimal cost difference.

 5. Yangshuo to Guilin: Premier Class Mishap

Our journey from Yangshuo to Guilin was meant to be in Premier Class, a smaller and more private option with First Class seats in an exclusive compartment. However, we accidentally missed the Premier Class seats because we boarded from the wrong end of Carriage 8.

• Travel Class: Premier Class (Accidental Second Class Seating)
• Duration: 20 minutes
• Train Type: C-Class Regional Train

This short hop wasn’t a big issue, as we ended up in Second Class for the quick 20-minute ride. It was only when we exited the train that we spotted the Premier Class seats tucked away at the far end of the carriage. Despite the mix-up, the trip was smooth and quick—proving that even “mistakes” in China’s train system still lead to great experiences!

Lesson Learned: Always double-check where Premier Class seats are located when boarding, as they can sometimes be in a hidden compartment.

 6. Guilin to Hong Kong: Second Class and Immigration

Our final train journey took us from the stunning landscapes of Guilin to the bustling metropolis of Hong Kong.

• Travel Class: Second Class
• Duration: Approximately 3.5 hours
• Train Type: G-Class High-Speed Train

The Second Class seats were comfortable for this mid-length journey, and the ride itself was smooth and enjoyable. Upon arrival in Hong Kong, we needed to go through immigration since Hong Kong operates under a different visa system. For us as British passport holders, the process was quick and hassle-free, but it’s always wise to check your visa requirements beforehand.

 Final Reflections on the Routes

Each of these train journeys offered something special. From the luxurious comfort of Business Class to the family-friendly coziness of a Soft Sleeper, China’s trains allowed us to explore vast distances with ease and comfort. Whether you’re traveling between major cities or enjoying shorter regional trips, the train network makes it possible to experience the country’s beauty, culture, and modern marvels in an unforgettable way.

Final Tips for an Unforgettable China Train Journey

Before you embark on your train adventure across China, here are a few final tips:

Your Next Steps

If you’re planning a trip to China, download my Free China Travel Guide here. It’s packed with tips and insights from our 23-day journey, covering train travel, using WeChat and Alipay, staying connected with e-SIMs and VPNs, and exploring incredible destinations like Beijing, Xi’an, Shanghai, Chengdu, Guilin, and Hong Kong.

For a visual guide to the different train classes, don’t miss my YouTube video on China trains: Watch it here.

Whether you’re speeding from Beijing to Shanghai or settling into a Soft Sleeper for an overnight adventure, China’s train network offers a travel experience like no other. Book your tickets, pack your bags, and get ready for the journey of a lifetime!

Happy travels!